Climate Change And Extreme Temperatures

Abstract

Air temperature is one of the main components of the climate. Research of temperature regime in the territory of Georgia and its regions has its history. For investigation of temperature regime in Imereti region we used observation data of hydro meteorological service for 15 meteorological stations of the region. On the basis of the data we draw up isotherms’ maps for the central months of the seasons and for middle annual temperature. The Black Sea influence on the climate of Imereti region is completely weakened comparing with Kolkheti valley, but still greatly influences its thermal regime. Middle annual air temperature in Imereti region varies between 6-14 degrees and according to altitude is regularly distributed. Temperature differences is quite high among the central months of seasons, they are-January, April, July and October. As for temperature amplitude its importance is the highest in Sachkhere - Imereti region, and composes 22,2 °C and in Tkibuli it is -19,0°C. Duration of the period without freeze is quite large at Georgia territory. It is long especially in the low part of west Georgia, where it is changed among 250-306 days. At 3000m high the period without freeze does not exists at all, but in private years it may take place, but for a very short period. Air temperature is one of the main components of the climate. Annual quantity of absolute maximal temperatures varies between 32°C-42°C. In January quantities of middle minimal temperatures is negative everywhere – 0, 5-7,5°C. In Korbouli it is -28°C, in Sachkhere - 31°C. In Imereti, absolute minimal temperatures are noted as negative for 7-8 months. Knowing the duration of non-freezing period has great importance for developing agriculture. The average annual temperature of the air on the territory of Imereti changes from 6º to 14 º. The highest average annual temperature is designated in west and central regions of Imereti. These territories are within the bounds of 14 º isotherm. Korbouli and its nearby territory, which is measured with closed 10 º isotherm, are separated. The lowest 6 º isotherm passes in high mountain zone of Meskheti and Likhi range. Under the global warming, significant climatic changes in Imereti region are not observed.