International Scientific Conference “Modern Problems of Ecology”

Modification of angina pectoris risk factors in the primary healthcare

Ketevan Ukleba — 2024-10-23

The purpose of our research was to improve the quality of primary medical services provided to patients with angina pectoris. The research was based on the audit of medical services conducted at Kutaisi family medical center. Medical history/ map of totally 75 patients were selected.

The results of the conducted audit revealed that the quality of primary medical services provided to patients with angina pectoris, require serious improvement:

It is necessary to increase the number of applications from the patients with arterial hypertension, that requires better develop calling system for patients, that will ensure their regular visits.

As for the research on cardio protective diet, it is reported to reach 62% among patients, indicating, that the medical personal is not taking sufficient efforts.

It is absolutenely necessary to conduct lectures and educational campains for patients, at medical facilities about modifications of each risk factor causing arterial hypertension, non-dinamic lifestyle, smoking tobacco, excess weight, etc. It is vital to repeate audit in order to confirm effectiveness of the above measures taken.

Effect of herbicides on microbiological properties of soil

მაგდა დავითაშვილი — 2024-10-23

The influence of herbicides (Basultra, Zenkor, Uragan Forte) on the dynamics of microbiological processes and biological activity of the vineyard soil was studied. It was shown that the use of herbicides changes the composition and ratio of individual groups and species of microorganisms, although it does not significantly affect their total number and does not reduce soil fertility. The investigation of the potential ability of nitrate accumulation did not reveal the inhibitory effect of herbicides on the accumulation of nitrates in vineyard soil. Despite the insignificant inhibitory effect on certain groups of soil microorganisms, the studied herbicides did not have a toxic effect on the microflora of the vineyard as a whole.

Ecological and medical-social aspects of dental diseases

ე. ასათიანი — 2024-10-23

Some presents the main dental diseases of humans, which are more or less common to the inhabitants of the Earth, originated, developed and globalized in parallel with the growth of civilization.

Bioecology of some introduced woody plants in Kakheti region

თამარ ნადირაძე — 2024-10-23

The lives of the plants are very changeable and happening in the impermanent dynamical environment. The regular and sudden change makes the ecological bases to definite the organization of time and space of the life of plants. In order to study the bioecological features of some woody plants introduced in the Kakheti region, a study was conducted in 2017-2023 on some introduced woody plants distributed in the territories of Telavi, Tsinandali (Tsinandali Park), Kvareli. The observations revealed that the studied plants almost completely use a vegetative period. In the spring-time they blossom, in the summer they grow, at the same time, the seeds ripen and that comes to an end in autumn-winter. The seed fullness is rarely more than 50%. Weakly bear fruit (once in 2-3 years) Abies alba Mill., Abies balsamea Mill., Pinus sibirica Ledeb. (limited by the alkaline reaction of the soil), Pinus sabiniana Dougl. (due to drying in the phase of premature senescence), Cryptomeria japonica (limited by the alkaline reaction of the soil and due to the abundant content of carbonate salts).Many of them reproduce by self-sowing, which is the main indicator of adaptation to a new environment. e.g. Ginkgo biloba L., Cedrus deodara Loud., Aesculus hippocastanum L., Aesculus carnea Haine, and others. The study revealed that relative humidity, chemistry of the soil and age of species are crucial components for high level seed development of introductory plants. Water shortage is the most limiting factor for their growth and development in Kakheti.

Heavy Metal Content in Subtropical Fruit Trees Cultivated in Varied Ecological Conditions

Nunu Nakashidze — 2024-10-23

The study titled "Heavy Metal Content in Subtropical Fruit Trees Cultivated in Varied Ecological Conditions" examines the presence of cadmium, arsenic, lead, mercury, copper, and zinc in feijoa and actinidia (kiwi) fruits cultivated across diverse orographic terrains within the subtropical zone of Adjara. Utilizing a plasma atomic emission spectrometer, the investigation reveals that the examined fruits are free from toxic heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, and mercury. However, cadmium content shows variation, notably with higher concentrations observed in feijoa fruits. Furthermore, the levels of copper and zinc fall within the established regulatory limits.

Assessment of the Health Condition of Historical Eucalyptus Trees with the Innovative Method of Arborsonic 3D Acoustic Tomography

გუგული დუმბაძე — 2024-10-23

This paper presents the findings of a study assessing the health condition of the stems and woods of century-old eucalyptus trees in Adjara. The research employed the ArborSonic 3D acoustic tomography method, a modern, non-invasive technique. The examination of 20 aged, bent eucalyptus trees revealed that 40% of their roots and stems exhibit severe decay, ranging from 50% to 80%. This degree of decay poses a significant threat to public safety. This study is pioneering, as no prior research of this nature has been conducted on eucalyptus trees in Georgia. Recommendations concerning the health status of these eucalyptus trees were submitted to the relevant authorities to prompt the implementation of necessary measures.

Vibrational stress impact on hypothalamus and potential for correcting identified disorders

ც. სუმბაძე — 2024-10-23

With technological advancement, the impact of numerous environmental factors on the body has become far more aggressive. One of these factors is domestic and industrial vibration, which can sometimes lead to occupational diseases. Vibration, as one of the stress factors, has a general biological effect on the body, causing specific neurohumoral disorders, disruption of trophism, and disruption of the disruption of the metabolism of the body. In these conditions, oxidation-restoring processes in tissues intensify, and the need for oxygen increases. Therefore, we studied the impact of vibrational stress on alterations of the biological amine concertation in the hypothalamus of male rats and the correction of the detected alterations with liquid oxygen. The concentration of the bioamines norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine in the hypothalamus of control and experimental animals from all three groups was measured by the high-pressure chromatography method. The study demonstrated that vibrational stress alters the release of these bioamines, while oxygen correction has a positive impact on their regulation.

Some aspects of environmental education of junior high school students

ირინე გოგიბერიძე — 2024-10-23

The paper confirms that the ecological education of junior high school students includes: environmental protection knowledge and skills; ecological thinking; value orientations and environmentally friendly behaviors. Students perceive nature as interrelated values that are sensitive to human intervention. Environmental education aims to combine knowledge, feelings and actions. The scientific-cognitive, value, normative and activity aspects containing them are discussed. Appropriate conclusions are drawn.

Environmental content material as active learning component in primary grades

თამარ დოგრაშვილი — 2024-10-23

In the paper, it is justified that the material of ecological background is used as a component of active learning. We believe that ecological issues should be discussed in all educational subjects of the primary level, with aspects specific to the subject, on which ecological problems will be covered at the accessible level according to the age of the students, and the teacher will outline the ways to solve the problems with the students. Complex approaches to solving ecological issues in elementary grades by including different educational subjects allow students to see ecological problems from different angles, and the search for ways to solve problems in different forms proves in them the awareness that existing ecological problems are very relevant and it is necessary to solve them.

Elements of ecologic education in mathematics classes in high school

ბაკურ ბაკურაძე — 2024-10-23

The paper substantiates the relevance of teaching problems of environmental education of students in high school. The search for solutions to environmental problems in high school math classes is shown. Specific tasks are given, the conditions of which are drawn up in such a way that they serve to complete the ecological education of students and are focused on solving problems. Attention is focused on the use of different ways of including mathematical tasks and theoretical issues with ecological content in the mathematics curriculum.

History of ecology, contemporary challenges and ways to solve them

დარეჯან ჩხიროძე — 2024-10-23

Specialists agree that in order to reduce air pollution in the city, it is necessary to take measures against emissions and dust. Proper management of waste and increasing the extent of green cover. Home, environmentally clean, protect yourself and children from viruses, bacteria and emissions, It is necessary for this. Greening of the room with plants Two-way ventilation of the house Wet cleaning and vacuum cleaners Air conditioners.

Balneological resort "Sairme" for sustainable tourism development

ნანა ბერძენიშვილი — 2024-10-23

Imereti region is distinguished by its balneological resources and resorts, which is an unparalleled example of the development of spa tourism. The resort of republican importance "Sairme" has a different and completely unique natural-recreational destination - urological profile. The tourism industry has much more opportunities to expand, as the region as a whole has a diverse physical-geographical distribution, as well as natural-resource potential. Good physical-geographical location and easy transport accessibility, development of ecotourism, agrotourism and gastronomic tourism as a new life of Georgian cuisine.

Social-ecological systems of Georgia

ნოდარ ელიზბარაშვილი — 2024-10-23

The article discusses the essence of socio-ecological systems, the interdependence of its constituent parts and components, the importance of the study of such systems in the effective implementation of sustainable development goals.

The research of socio-ecological system is an interesting and promising scientific-practical task. This is especially true for Georgia, where such studies were practically not carried out.

The socio-ecological systems of Georgia can be considered according to the historical-geographical provinces, in particular, the geo-ecological characteristics of the settlement presented here, leading natural factors and main landscapes.

Methods o Aboidng and Adapting to Global Wargung

თეიმურაზ ადეიშვილი — 2024-10-23

This Paper Presents Ways of Aoid Adaptation to Global Warning, Discusses the Resolions Adopted by Various International Organisations.

Influence of climat change on human health

თ. ჟვიტიაშვილი — 2024-10-23

Dental health isn’t sol about brushing and flossing. It’s also influenced by environmental factors that surround us every day. Practicing good oral hygiene, staying hydrated and visiting the dentist regularly can help mitigate the impact of environmental factors on dental health.

Climate Change and Oral Health

T. Adeishvili — 2024-10-23

The effects of climate change on human health, including oral health, are detectable, now making this an acute and present situation. In 2015, global mean surface air temperature (SAT) reached 1°C above pre-industrial levels1 and is predicted to increase rapidly to 1.5°C by about the 2030s and reach 2°C by the 2050s. This rate of global warming and increased global mean SAT are associated with higher risks of adverse health outcomes that are measurable today.

The recent Climate change and Clinical Practice conference aimed to demonstrate clinical implications of climate change on human health, to suggest schemes that boost clinical practice resilience in the face of climate-related events, and to urge engagement of health professionals in the climate crisis discussion. Similarly, oral healthcare providers must strategise for clinical practice resilience and consider clinical manifestations of climate change in their dental patients.

Restoration of Historical objects in Green Construction

რამაზ კილაძე — 2024-10-23

In the recent period, aggression against green plants in the central areas of cities has become very frequent, as a result of which historical plants are often sacrificed, including old plants, which can have a completely different load in case of reasonable actions. Such an attitude has almost halved the areas of green areas in large cities, which worsens the ecological condition of the environment even more under the conditions of global warming.

The paper discusses the decisions taken regarding the historical objects of green construction, the definition of the historical garden, how the aged plants in it should be protected, including the damaged ones. It lists all the activities that can be carried out on ancient landscape objects, from preservation, conservation, restoration and even reconstruction. It is indicated on the basis of which these works can be carried out and in what sequence.

A Historical Perspective of Global Warming and its Influence on Ecosystems

თეიმურაზ ადეიშვილი — 2024-10-23

Global average surface and lower- troposphere temperatures during the last 30 years have been progressively warmer than all earlier time. This warming has been particularly apparent the mid-and high-latitude regions of the northern and Southern Hemispheres.

This process is due to the intensive emission of greenhouse gases.

Investigation of atmospheric air pollution of Kutaisi with microaerosols

ნათია გიგაური — 2024-10-23

Air pollution of Kutaisi with PM2.5 and PM10 was studied. The data obtained from operational observations and special experimental measurements conducted within the framework of atmospheric air pollution monitoring are used for the research. The maximum, minimum and average area of the annual, monthly and daily changes in the concentration of microaerosols, as well as their spatial distribution in the city and its surrounding area, have been determined. It is determined that the concentration of PM particles during the day is almost always characterized by an increasing trend and reaches its maximum after 20 hours. The study of Kutaisi atmospheric air pollution with PM10 is carried out by the joint integration of the 3D regional model of the evolution of atmospheric processes and the transfer-diffusion equation of impurities. Images of PM10 concentration change over time and spatial distribution were obtained. It is shown that the topography of the city and the surrounding area determines the generation of landward anticyclonic eddies of wind speed. The formed wind speed field contributes to the removal of PM10 from the city, the process of "self-cleaning" of the atmosphere. Calculations show that the process of spreading aerosols takes place in four stages and depends on the intensity of traffic, the location of highways and the terrain of the city. From 4 to 7 a.m. there is a rapid increase in concentration, from 7 to 3 p.m. - a weak decrease or constancy of concentration, in the interval from 3 p.m. to 9 p.m. there is an increase in concentration, and from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. - city air self-cleaning. Areas of relatively high pollution are defined.

On the development of artificial neural networks

ცირა ბერაძე — 2024-10-23

It is noted that the potential of artificial intelligence is unlimited in the world, and it is being gradually integrated into the management of meteorological processes and various fields of science.

The paper considers neural network design algorithms as one of the promising areas of the Artificial Intelligence discipline, and based on their analysis, a new concept of network design and its implementation algorithms are proposed.

It is noted that intensive work is underway to develop artificial neural systems, which allow for solving many problems as quickly as possible.

The influence of date science on current processes in the world

ცირა ბერაძე — 2024-10-23

The article describes the modern big data technology. It is noted that by methods of processing giant sets of data, the data science clearly explains its findings, helps researchers in taking optimal decisions, and in making accurate predictions. Data science is an alternative information processing technology and can be implemented on modern computers that are used to control neural networks. Solving problems with maximum efficiency and predicting events in advance is the greatest need and necessity of society.

Factors Influencing The Dental Status of Population

თ. ადეიშვილი — 2024-10-23

Determination of risk factors, their quantitative characteristics allows individualizing preventive measures depending on a set of factors. Literature date confirm that timely visits to the dentist for preventive purposes, the implementation of the doctors recommendation for individual preventive measures, reducing the frequency of food intake, which include refined sugar-containing component, balancing the diet will help maintain dental health.

Powder metallurgy, Composite materials Obtaining of catalytic neutralizer by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS)

ამირან ხვადაგიანი — 2024-10-23

The goal of the research is to develop an innovative technological process and its theoretical foundations for obtaining a new class of catalytic neutralizer using the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) method. The mentioned catalytic neutralizer will successfully replace the similar expensive products used in the automotive industry today and will significantly improve the ecological condition of the environment.

The paper analyzes the possibilities of using an innovative self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method to obtain a new class of catalytic neutralizer and sets out tasks that will allow us to tackle important environmental challenges such as the problem of vehicle pollution.

Impact of Micromycetes Phytotoxicity on the Germination of Economically Important Legumes

რუსუდან დუმბაძე — 2024-10-23

The investigation of phytotoxic substances produced by micromycetes has become increasingly vital due to their ability to hinder seed germination and reduce the yield of crucial agricultural crops. These secondary metabolites, such as mycotoxins, allergens, and enzymes produced by various micromycetes, not only contribute to plant diseases but also pose significant health risks to humans and animals due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. In developing countries, these phytotoxins cause extensive damage to crops, leading to substantial agricultural losses.

Fungal contamination is typically evaluated by isolating fungi that colonize plants and analyzing their impact on seed quality, germination rates, seedling vigor, and the growth of roots and coleoptiles. This study aimed to assess the phytotoxic activity of toxin-producing fungi, specifically Alternaria and Fusarium, on cereal seeds' germination and early growth.

Bioassay techniques examined the toxicity of fungal cultures from Fusarium and Alternaria, isolated from the roots and seedlings of infected kiwi, raspberry, blueberry, tomato, and potato plants. The study focused on the wheat variety 'Bezostaya 1' and the corn variety 'Ajameti Tetri', which were treated with culture fluids derived from fungal mycelium grown on Chapek's synthetic liquid nutrient medium. The effects of these filtrates on seed germination, seedling growth, and root development in wheat and maize were measured. Additionally, the protective efficacy of the biofungicide 'Fitosporin-M' against fungal and bacterial diseases in plants was evaluated. The study results indicate that Alternaria and Fusarium fungi exhibit significant phytotoxic activity, leading to high levels of contamination in cereal seeds, while "Fitosporin-M" demonstrates strong biofungicidal properties and promotes plant growth effectively.

Ecological and social aspects of sustainable management of mountainous Adjara forest

სესილი გათენაძე — 2024-10-23

Forests, encompassing 38.5% of Georgia’s territory, represent a significant natural wealth due to their multifunctional and aesthetic values. These ecosystems are vital for producing oxygen, maintaining biomes and ecological balances, preventing soil erosion, regulating water flows, and ensuring the availability of clean drinking water. In Georgia, particularly in the mountainous region of Adjara, the sustainable management of forests presents a critical challenge necessitated by the need to balance ecological integrity with socio-economic demands. This paper explores the ecological and social dimensions of sustainable forest management in Adjara, aiming to identify and assess current forest management practices that integrate biodiversity conservation with the socio-economic needs of local communities. By highlighting the essential role forests play in both ecological balance and human livelihood, the study underscores the imperative for integrated management strategies designed to preserve these natural resources for future generations. The findings of this research are intended to contribute to the development of informed policies and community-driven conservation efforts in Adjara.

Macrophytes of freshwater ponds of the Kolkheti lowland, phytoremediation and prospects for water drainage systems

იზოლდა მაჭუტაძე — 2024-10-23

There are many different physico-chemical methods of water purification, however, phytoremediation is one of the most effective means, which Georgia has abundant resources for. Phytoremediation, i.e. water purification with algae, is about 10 times cheaper and more effective method compared to other physico-chemical technologies. A living organism absorbs, collects, and removes pollutants from water. Phytoremediation is a technique used in the environmental restoration process where macrophytes can absorb pollutants from a polluted environment and make the environment less toxic.

The best macrophytes as bio-cleaners in this case are Phragmites australi and Typha angustifolia species. Communal infrastructure of modern standards should be organized in the municipalities of Adjara within the framework of the "Water Supply and Drainage Program of Adjara Townships and Villages", which also includes the construction of treatment facilities. In Khulo, Shuakhevi and Ochkhamuri, artificial swamps will be built to clean sewage water. Decontamination of sewage water in such "swamps" will mainly depend on specially selected plants. However, the polluted water will be cleaned mechanically before being discharged into the "swamp".

აკადემიკოსი კიაზო ნადარეიშვილი

რამაზ ხუროძე — 2024-10-23

მწერლის, მეცნიერისა და საზოგადო მოღვაწის, სიმონ არველაძის 105 წლისთავისადმი მიძღვნილი გახსენება

მეგი არველაძე — 2024-10-23

რამაზ ხუროძე - 80 წლისაა

საქართველოს ეკოლოგიურ მეცნიერებათა აკადემია — 2024-10-23

Akaki Girgvliani – 70 year

საქართველოს ეკოლოგიურ მეცნიერებათა აკადემია — 2024-10-23

შესავალი

რამაზ ხუროძე — 2024-10-23

Vacuum Energy and Ways of its Transformation

თეიმურაზ ადეიშვილი — 2024-10-23

Issues of obtaining of ecological clean energy from the physical vacuum are rewiewed. In these studies, the vacuum is considered as a natural material environment, which be get a huge amount of clean energy.

Creation of electronic atlas of glaciers of Georgia Summary

გ. ი. კორძახია — 2024-10-23

The final works to create a bilingual (Georgian-English) "Electronic Atlas of Glaciers of Georgia", are underway with the financial support of the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia [FR-21-1996]. This electronic atlas will include both the old former Soviet Union catalogue corrected data and the latest determined information for three dates (2010, 2015, 2020). Electronic Atlas of Glaciers of Georgia represents a combination of functional capabilities of geoinformation systems: storage of multi-layered information about glaciers, free navigation capabilities for obtaining information, an easy-to-follow process for adding data, adjusting existing information, overlaying information, and more.

Physical Origins of Global Warming

თეიმურაზ ადეიშვილი — 2024-10-23

The work discusses modern views of climate warming. since the mid-20^th century Climate scientists have gathered detailed observations of various weather phenomena and of related influences on climate. These date indicate that Earth’s climate has changed over almost every conceivable timescale since the beginning of geologic time and that human activities since at least the beginning of the industrial revolution have a growing influence over the pace and extend of present-day climate change.

Study of hydrophysical processes of the Black Sea using numerical models

დემური დემეტრაშვილი — 2024-10-23

The article discusses the study of hydrophysical processes of the Black Sea by means of numerical models, the intensive development of which began in the 60-70s of the last century. Attention is focused on the study of regional hydrothermodynamic processes in the Georgian sector of the Black Sea based on the regional model of sea dynamics of M. Nodia Institute of Geophysics of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University.

Statistical analysis of atmospheric winds acting on Lake Paliastom and numerical modeling of water flow circulation

აკაკი გირგვლიანი — 2024-10-23

The article presents statistics on the types of atmospheric winds operating in the area of Lake Paliastom for the last 16 months, and based on the analysis of relevant information, the likely predominant types of winds are identified. Using a numerical model, patterns of circulation of water flows in the lake, which can be formed under conditions of long-term exposure to the resulting types of wind, were calculated.

Variation of climatic parameters against the background of global warming

ნანა ბერძენიშვილი — 2024-10-23

Air temperature is one of the main components of the climate. Research of temperature regime in the territory of Georgia and its regions has its history. For investigation of temperature regime in Imereti region we used observation data of hydrometeorological service. On the basis of the data we draw up isotherms’ maps for the central months of the seasons and for middle annual temperature. The Black Sea influence on the climate of Imereti region is completely weakened comparing with Kolkheti valley, but still greatly influences its thermal regime. Under the global warming, significant climatic changes in Imereti region are not observed.

The Scale of the Estimated Maximum Discharge of Floods on the Rivers of Western Georgia

ცისანა ბასილაშვილი — 2024-10-23

with the statistical analysis of the data of 29 watersheds of the rivers of Western Georgia of 62-92 years of observation until 2023, the activity of the flaw and the estimated probable values of the maximum discharge have been determined: with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20% provision corresponding to: 10 000, 1000, 100, 80, 20, 10, 5 years recurring water discharges. These data should be considered in water management calculations in scientific, agricultural and design organizations for substantiating the technical and economic indicators of hydrotechnical and other structures in order to ensure the ecological safety of the population and the environment.

The influences of human activity On climate

Teimuraz Adeishvili — 2024-10-23

Human activity how influenced global surface temperature by changing the radioactive balance governing the earth on various timescales and at varying spatial scales. The most profound and well-known anthropogenic influence in the elevation of concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Humans also influence climate by changing the concentrations of aerosols and ozone modifying the land cover of earth surface.

Natural Influences on Climate

Teimuras Adeishvili — 2024-10-23

There are a number of natural factors that influence Earth’s climate. These factors include external influences such as explosive volcanic eruptions, natural variations in the output of the Sun, and slow changes in the configuration of Earth’s orbit relative to the Sun. in addition, there are natural patterns of wind circulation, precipititation, and surface temperature. These are the problems discussed in this paper.