International Scientific Conference “Modern Problems of Ecology”

PROBLEMS OF SPACE POLUTION

T. Adeishvili — 2023-11-30

Orbital Fragment and collition risk factors are discussed in the paper. A program of possible measures is developed and tha main legal aspects of the problem are presented.

Technological Academy of Kutaisi Georgian Academy of Wcological Sciences

Amiran Aptsiauri — 2023-11-30

The paper focuses on the fact that in order to produce mechanical energy from thermal energy, in addition to gas, liquid and solid bodies may also be used as the working body. In addition to the fact that living organisms might be expanding and contracting in volume, scientists have already created polymer materials that undergo significant deformations under the influence of small electric signals. Therefore, just as nature could, man can create such a composite engine that, even in the conditions of small temperature gradients, under the action of small disturbances (electric signals), will generate useful energy. The paper displays that the efficiency
of such converters is much higher than the efficiency of the Carnot heat engine and, contrary to Carnot theorem, depends on the physical properties of the material. The expression of the efficiency is proposed for such a type of low-temperature composite generator, which is a physical model of mechanical energy generation in living organisms. Consequently, it is shown that Carnot's theorem does not have a universal character. By creating and testing new synthetic materials, it is possible to create a completely new type of heat engines with much higher efficiency. Regardless of how effective they prove to be in practical applications, research in this direction is highly relevant, as this direction destroys the theoretical bases of thermodynamics and existing energy industry, as well as proves that humankind is capable of creating machines that efficiently generate energy from the surrounding equilibrium space, with zero or negligible temperature differences.

The Influence of Launch of Transport Space Systems On The Earth's Atmosphere

T. Adeishvili — 2023-11-30

The environmental problems in space exploration sphere as well as major factors of negative impact of Space-rocket operation on surrounding environment ore considered.

Spase and time on some aspects of theories

Eteri Ormotsadze-Makharadze — 2023-11-30

In the work discusses the similarities differences of H. Reichenbach and A. Grunbaum’s views, on issues related to space and time, such as the congruence of space and time, the problem of simultaneity; it is interest also to the authors argument about the relationship between time, order, and causality, Wich deepen the ideas that Einstein formulated as a physicist.
For example, Reichenbach thinks that there is no absolute direction of time, that is why the direction of time should be determined by the increase in entropy, however, either it has no absolute significance. The one – sidedness of time is essentially probabilistic. As for a. A. Greenbaum, he explores the problem of the direction of time through the reversible and irreversible processes in nature. In his view, the assertion of time is not entirely equivalent to fact that time flows in one direction.
Key words: congruence, interval, space, time, measurement, simultaneity, relativity, inequality, Euclidean, marking, probability.

Influence of Vacaum on Humans and Animals

T. Adeishvili — 2023-11-30

In this paper discussed the influence of vacuum on the humens and animals. In this case, the Astrocosmonavts loses consciousness, which is realired by epxperlling air from the lungs and due to dysfunction in our vital organs.

NUMERICAL MODELING OF REGIONAL AND BASIN-SCALE HYDROPHYSICAL PROCESSES OF THE BLACK SEA

D. Demetrashvili — 2023-11-30

The paper presents regional and basin-scale numerical baroclinic models of the Black Sea dynamics developed at M. Nodia Institute of Geophysics of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, which are based on the full system of ocean hydrothermodynamic equations. The basin-scale model is implemented for the entire Black Sea using climatic data with a spatial resolution of 5 km, while the regional model, which is the basis of the regional marine forecasting system, is implemented for the Georgian sector of the Black Sea and the adjacent water area with a resolution of 1 km using real data.

Numerical Simulation of Tbilisi and Rustavi cities air pollution with Pm2.5.

A. Surmava — 2023-11-30

Through the analysis of the data of experimental measurements and results of numerical modeling the air pollution of the cities Tbilisi and Rustavi with PM2.5 are studied. Data from expeditionary measurements and natural observations are used as initial and boundary conditions for numerical modeling. The influence of meteorological conditions and terrain on the formation of the microaerosol concentration fields are determined by analyzing the results of numerical modeling.

St. Numerical modeling of PM10 distribution in the atmosphere of Rustavi during westerly background wind

N. Gigauri — 2023-11-30

Based on experimental measurements and monitoring data, the concentrations of microparticles PM10 scattered in the atmospheric air of Rustavi were investigated. The influence of road traffic on the level of pollution of the city's atmosphere is evaluated. The concentrations of PM10 scattered in the atmosphere in the city and its surroundings are experimentally determined using a mobile device. Areas of maximum pollution have been identified. The diurnal picture of the spatial distribution of PM10 and the characteristics of its distribution during the westerly background wind were obtained by numerical modeling. By analyzing the wind speed and concentration fields, it is accepted that the spatial distribution of the ingredient areas is determined by the background wind speed and direction, the dynamic effects of the relief and the local circulation systems formed by the diurnal change of the subsurface temperature.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EVOLUTIONARYLY STABLE STRATEGIES IN EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY

G.N. Beltadze — 2023-11-30

Using evolutionary game theory in evolutionary ecology, it is proved that populations are subject to an evolutionarily stable strategy (species). No other strategy can win over it in the population, because its adaptation to the environment is less than a sustainable strategy. Relevant models are listed.

Numerical modeling of the distribution of heavy metals in bottom sediments of Paliastom Lake

A. Girgvliani — 2023-11-30

The paper presents a two-dimensional numerical model of the distribution of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of Paliastom Lake. The mentioned model is included in the project developed for modeling the dynamic characteristics of "flat" reservoirs and is implemented in C++ language in the Visual Studio environment. Validation of the model is carried out by numerical experiments for different metals. The article presents the results of the simulation experiments conducted in order to predict the possible distribution of metals under the conditions of probable model atmospheric exposure.

მიტროპოლიტი კალისტრატე (მარგალიტაშვილი) – 85

მეუფე იოანე — 2023-11-30

სრულიად საქართველოს კათოლიკოს-პატრიარქი ილია II

იოანე /გამრეკელი/ — 2023-11-30

The influence of dental status of on expectancy and quality of incurable cancer patients

Tengiz Zhvitiashvili — 2023-11-30

Oral health is the inseparable pari of general health and is considered as one of the main determinants of quality of life. Oral health influences individuals physically and psychologicaly and inpacts their self-sufficiency among the society. Existing oral pathologies can couse vital important functional disorders and can be the reason of aggravation condition and depression.

Modern approaches to research and treatment of chronic idiophatic urticaria

ketevan Ukleba — 2023-11-30

As is known, the 21-st century is the century of allergies. Chronik Idiopathic urticaria is an important pathology among allergic diseases. The pathology has no direct cause and last for six weeks or more. It’s also called chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU).Chronic hives are itchy, raised red bumps or welts ,that appear on skin at least twice per week.These welts also called wheals.
Hives ( urticaria) and angioedema ( swelling) can occur together. Hives are raised red bumps or splotches on skin. Angioedema may occur in deep layers of tissue. This swelling can affect face, lips, throat, hand, feet and genitals.

Rabies - the Cause of the Disease, Ways of Transmission

Tengiz Zhvitiashvili — 2023-11-30

Rabies is a viral infectious disease, it starts with inflammation of the brain and spinal cord (encephalomyelitis) and ends fatally. The disease is found in almost all countries.

Subsequent processes of nerve removal during dental treatment

T. Zhvitiashvili — 2023-11-30

Complication ofter nerve removal and ways to avoid them in case of dental treatment are presented.

Impact of Vibrational Stress on Sex Hormones and Its Correction with Liquid Oxygen

Ts. Sumbadze — 2023-11-30

Vibration disease holds a special place among occupational diseases due to its clinical course and variety of symptoms. In this regard, an important issue is the negative impact of vibrational stress on the body's sex hormones and their regulation. For this purpose, we studied the influence of the vibration disease model on the reproductive function of male rats and the correction of the detected disorders with liquid oxygen. Using the approach of immunoenzymatic microanalysis, we assessed gonadotropic (follicle-stimulating FSH and malutheinizing LH) hormones and sex steroids (testosterone T and estradiol E2) in the blood plasma. Research has shown that vibrational stress causes endocrine disorders in the secretion of sex hormones, and oxygen correction is effective in regulating these disorders.

The connection of stomatological diseases with the social-ecological condition of the country’s popylation

T. Adeishvili — 2023-11-30

The prevalence, frequency and intensity of oral diseases are discussed and their contributing factors are climatic – geografhical, socio-economical and political – ecological circumstances.

Viruses - Flu - Prevention

Tengiz Zhvitiashvili — 2023-11-30

Virus (lat. Virus - poison) is a non-cellular form of life that can invade a cell and reproduce only inside it. Viruses are ubiquitous in nature and infect all cells of the body.

The relationship between the Oral-cavity condition and cardiovascular complications and diabetic melltus

N. Berdzenishvili — 2023-11-30

In this paper the lelationship between the oral-cavity condition and cardiovascular complications and diabetic mellitus are considered. Studies have shown that indicators of an unhealthy periodontal conditions preceded cardiovascular problems.

Basic principles and features of prevention of dental deseases

T. Zhvitiashvili — 2023-11-30

Prevention of dental dreseases is a system of state, social, hygienic, medical and personal measures, wich ensures the improvement of the health level of the population and the prevention of diseases.

Connection of teeth with the boody and some of its mechanisms

Teimuraz Adeishvili — 2023-11-30

The teeth connection with the body and some of its mechanisms are discusseod. Connection are maynly stained through blood.

What Causes Heart Disease?

Tengiz Zhvitiashvili — 2023-11-30

According to the old opinion, vigorous training, as well as exercises may be dangerous for people who are at risk of heart disease. But a new study shows that the more vigorous the exercise, the more beneficial it is for the heart, as long as it's as short as 15 minutes.

How does dental diseseas affect the functionity of our organs

Tengiz Zhvitiashvili — 2023-11-30

The association between oral and general diseases was discussed in the article. The negative influence of odontogenic infections and periodontal diseases on the development of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and orher systemic pathologies was highlighted. The need for joint efforts of dentists was substantiated.

Prevalence of dental diseases in the adalt populalation of different countries

Magdana Jikia — 2023-11-30

The paper discusses many microbial species in the oral cavity system. It is established that they create difficult complexes and they composition depends on the oral cavity states.

INFLUENCE OF STOMATOLOGICAL SERVICE ON THE ORAL HEALTH

Khatuna Davarashvili — 2023-11-30

Reviwed in Georgia of Influence of stomatological service on the oral health and ways of solving compolications as result of this influence are outhlined.

THE INFLUENCE OF ORAL CONDITION ON GASTROROMICAL DISEASES

Teimuraz Adeishvili — 2023-11-30

The relationship between oral changes and gastrointestinal diseases are disoussed in the paper. They develop through systemic changes related to absorption function disorders.

Interaction of radioactive substances (radon) on iliseassis of the uninary system

Merab Kvitsaridze — 2023-11-30

The influence of radioactive substances on diseases of the urogenital system has not been thoroughly studied. There is scant information on their correlation with each other. The change of radon concentration in relation to the main processes in the human body is worth noting. Metabolic processes depend on it and are directly reflected in the manifestation of clinical signs of various diseases and, most importantly, in their features. Our clinical observation allows us to talk about the connection of the present glandular diseases caused by radon concentration. The main and concomitant diseases occurring in the human organism are also a matter of separate discussion in connection with radioactive substances.

Climate change and its influence on human health

Darejan Chkhirodze — 2023-11-30

negative aspects of climate change. Climate change, as a cause of biodiversity change, also has a certain impact on human health and psycho-emotional condition. The problems caused by climate change have a negative impact on the well-being of the society.
The population is becoming more and more vulnerable and needs to adapt changing environmental conditions, income decreases, impoverishment ,living conditions are deteriorating, income decreases, becomes poorer,Living conditions are deteriorating more and mor Efforts are being made to fix the problems and more Fewer resources and power remain for development and progress,for education and cultural life. All this addedHealth problems, own and loved ones, graduallyIt makes the daily life of a person more and more unbearable.Poor relations, increasing alienation, common problems
The degree of appropriation, which ultimately affects the publicIt harms the consciousness and even the sense of national unity. Thus, we can conclude that all areas of human life,- economic, cultural, health, psychological (insecurity),- On the basis of deterioration, people's social status deterioratesProsperityThe article discusses climate change as a result of greenhouse gas emissions in the environment and discusses the impact of climate change on human health, using the example of Kutaisi, that the adopted attitude allows establishing a connection between the city's population and the harmful substances emitted from the landfill and among possible diseases. i.e. If the number of the city's population, harmful substances emitted from the landfill are known, then it is possible to determine the correlation of human diseases and deaths with the amount of environmental pollutants.

Economical and Ecological Aspects of Manganese Obtaining on the Basis of the Village of Tsirkvali

Pikria Jinjikhadze — 2023-11-30

Our research location - village of Tsirkvali is situated in Tchiatura Municipality which is eight magnitude shake seismic zone on the 500-750meters above sea level. Apart from seismic threat, research territory is also characterized with geodynamic and anthropogenic processes: landslide, erosion, flood, torrent, karst disaster and demolishes caused by mountainous works.
In the north-west part of Tsirkvali there is stratum outlet with manganese deposits in it. Ore is low in quality manganese consistency is up to 45% in it. There is assumed to be particular amount of mica and quartz in mineral and it is highly attenuated that can deteriorate the quality of Ore.
In case of obtaining manganese ore from the village can result in the ecological problem for the local population. The process of obtaining will lead to transformation and degradation of all components of natural territorial complexes.
We assume that the priority for the future development of the village is not the improvement in the field for obtaining but tourism. It is possible to promote the following types of tourism in this area: agro, paleo and adventure tourism. Development of tourism will enable the employment of local residents, enhance economic conditions for them and most importantly, the process of migration will be minimized.

Alternative forms of sustainable tourism in forest areas of Middle Rhodopes.

Nikolai Tashev — 2023-11-30

In this article the author studies the supply and demand of alternative forms of sustainable tourism in the region of the Middle Rhodopes in Bulgaria. The terms sustainable tourism, its specifics in forest areas and different forms available for practice are established, described and evaluated. The results of a personal study among 261 entrepreneurs and tourists are presented. Finally, based on the data gathered, some conclusions and recommendations are provided to establish the sustainability of tourism in the region and improve its outcomes for both business and guests of the region.

Development trends of the tourism industry in the context of climate change in Georgia

A. Amiranashvili — 2023-11-30

In order to properly design the tourism business, in the evaluation of tourist-recreational resources, it is necessary to evaluate the role of climate and its change in the development of this important sector of the economy, both from an ecological and material point of view.
The complex of meteorological elements, which well reflects the combined effect of their values, is represented by bioclimatic and tourism climatic indices. In order to evaluate the potential of tourist and recreational resources, for the first time in Georgia, we used the complex climatic parameter K of tourism, which is determined based on combinations of various meteorological elements (air temperature, amount of atmospheric precipitation, relative humidity, average duration of sunshine).

Development of ecotourism in the nature reserves of Georgia in the surroundings of Kisiskhevi

Magda Davitashvili — 2023-11-30

Important resources for the development of ecotourism in Georgia are: interesting tourist routes, rich traditions of hospitality, historical monuments, rich and beautiful nature. The work reviews the statistical data concerning ecotourism in the nature reserves of Georgia, as well as to study the cliff-hanging complex in Kisishkevi, its popularization and the determination of approximate hiking trail routes to said complex for ecotours.

Touristic transition potential and related ecological issues of Beshumi resort

M. Putkaradze — 2023-11-30

Rational usage of natural resources bears essential importance in enhancement of social-economic level of mountainous regions worldwide. Coming out of this, assimilation of touristic and recreational resources represents one of directions for sustainable development of mountain regions of Georgia, but there are number of problems associated to its application. In line with this, touristic transition potential and related ecological issued of Beshumi resort are studied. There are established the originalities of resort`s touristic dynamics during the season and its conformity to existing infrastructure. There are found out ecological issues related to natural management and resort`s further development perspectives are set. The study conducted would have cognitive and applicable importance as well in increase of welfare of mountainous Adjara`s population and evaluation of ecological condition.

Analysis of flora to the railway areas of Adjara, native and foreign origin plants

Irakli Mikeladze — 2023-11-30

At the end of the 19th century, Batumi was connected to the Tbilisi-Poti central line by railway. The construction of the railway passed through settlements and uninhabited impenetrable forested areas, swamps, wetlands, and coastal sand dunes. The construction of roads was accompanied by the clearing of territories, clearcutting, and the transportation of various construction materials. This contributed to the destruction of biotopes and the establishment of peculiar cenotic connections of local and foreign species in the area.
From 2015-2022, as a result of the floristic studies carried out on the 35-km section of the Autonomous Republic of Adjara of the Georgian Railway, a total of 217 species of plants were fixed, which represents 11 percent of the floristic region of Adjara. 62 of them are local and 155 are alien. The described species are united in 52 families and 148 genera. Flowering plants make up 98.6% of the described species and spore plants make up 1.4%.
Many of the alien species are adapted to local soil and climatic conditions, are characterized by highly competitive ability, propagated and spread in secondary cenoses and agrocenoses, and cause various problems.
The present study is the first attempt to carry out specific floristic studies on railways. In the next stage, the identification of species related to the railway as a center of distribution and the separation of invasive species will be carried out.

Ruralization (deurbanization) Sustainability Challenges

Darejan Chkhirodze — 2023-11-30

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Landscape Ecology: Current issues of theory and Practice

Nodar Elizbarashvili — 2023-11-30

The article discusses the view (attitude) of the Georgian geographical school and European scientists in the research of theoretical and practical issues and problems related to landscape ecology. For the majority of Georgian geographers, landscape is one of the key objects of geographical research, although its essence, due to the multitude of different approaches, is often vague and incomprehensible. However, everyone agrees that the most important thing in landscape ecology is the assessment of its structure and functioning, dynamics and ethology, potential and sustainability, current state and other characteristics.
According to European scientists, landscape ecology is a multidisciplinary ecological science that examines the interrelationships between different components of the landscape and provides information on the dynamics of ecosystems, the distribution of species and their ecological functions. According to them, landscape ecology also refers to the structure, function and dynamics of ecosystems, studies the change of landscapes in space and time, the impact of human activities on it. Vegetation, water is considered as one of the components of landscape ecology, or this approach is fundamentally different from the basic, conceptual view of the Georgian landscape school.
The task of landscape ecology specialists is to practically define critical and high conservation value landscapes, landscape management and landscape service(s), landscape planning strategy and tactics.

Study of Large Glacier Shkhara Degradation from Enguri River Glacial Basin Using Satellite Information

G. Kordzakhia — 2023-11-30

The results of the large glacier Shkhara degradation located in the river Enguri glacial basin of West Georgia using high-resolution satellite remote sensing (SRS) are presented. The possibilities of using satellite Landsat data for glacier research are discussed. For the effectiveness of the research, it is used in a complex way together with the SRS data of 2010, 2015 and 2020, expert knowledge and the materials of the catalogue of glaciers and topographic maps created in the 60s in the former Soviet Union are used. As a result of the statistical analysis of the obtained data, the degradation of the glacier of the Enguri River was studied.

Rivers of Kakheti region of nourishment valuation

Nana Berdzenishvili — 2023-11-30

In the present work, the rivers of the Kakheti region are discussed of nourishment valuation. By means of flood activity coefficients, it was possible to identify the areas of Kakheti rivers that carry a relatively high risk. As the analysis of actual data from the past century has shown, climate change significantly affects the hydrological cycle. Changes in atmospheric precipitation, snow cover, and glaciers are of decisive importance in shaping the formation of surface runoff and water resources of the river. According to the limit values of river basins containing the risk, the Iori river basin was included in the highest risk area.

Winter season in Adjara and recurrence of some "severe winters" in the context of global warming

Nazibrola Phagava — 2023-11-30

Adjara is located on the southernmost coast of the Black Sea coast of Georgia. The klimat of Adjara is subtropical, according to the Zenker formula 77% marine and 23% continental.
The winter season in Adjara is different in coastal and inland mountainous regions. Although the calendar winter in the coastal regions of Adjara begins in December, signs of autumn remain in the coastal regions of Adjara in this month, due to the influence of the Black Sea. Winter here is mostly warm and short. In Western Georgia, winter is warmest in the regions of Gonio and Batumi, where the average temperature of the coldest month is above +5º. Due to the weakening of the influence of the sea, along with an increase in inland mountainous Adzharia, winters are usually longer, snowless and severe.
Against the backdrop of global warming, the severe (coldest) winter in Adjara (frosty and snowless) was repeatedly repeated in the 20th century, and low temperatures were recorded in coastal Adjara (minimum -12.80 in Batumi) and snowless (1.4 m in Batumi in 1985 year, in mountainous Adjara 6-meter snow). Their study is of great scientific and practical importance for the development of agriculture (citrus growing, tea growing).

Recultivation of Alluvial Soil

Roza Lortkipanidze — 2023-11-30

The research facility is located in In the western part of Kutaisi, on the right side of the river Oghaskura. The soil needs recultivation because it is saturated with construction waste. In 2014, planting works started in the territory, without studying the soil conditions. Most of the plants planted on the site did not grow and got withered. A deep study of the soils of the research object was conducted, we studied its physico-mechanical and chemical properties. We have planned the necessary measures to create suitable soil conditions for the plants to be grown on the site.

Impact of the climate change on land resources of Imereti

Magdana Kvabziridze — 2023-11-30

Soil is the most important natural resource that ensures the existence of diverse ecosystems on earth. Georgia is a unique country with soil diversity. Due to the current climate change and the increased temperature in the country and region, the frequency of abundant and extremely abundant (≥50 mm and ≥90 mm per day) precipitation has increased, both in the lowland and relatively high mountain areas. This created favorable conditions for soil erosion and degradation. The sensitivity of the land resource to water and wind erosion is determined by the total erosion index. For the current period, the average index for Georgia is 3.19, and for Imereti is 3.93.
In the process of adapting to climate change, the priority for Imereti in the short term is the reduction-stopping of land degradation and then the recovery-rehabilitation of the lost-eroded lands in the long-term perspective.
Against the background of current climate change, assessment of the adaptation and vulnerability of land resources is the most important task, on the basis of which other adaptive and preventive measures are planned to mitigate the negative impact of expected climate change on the resource.

Opportunities, challengies snd perspectives of circular green econony in Georgia

Davis Chiotashvili — 2023-11-30

Circular green economy is the most important factor for the sustainable and effective development of the country and the traditional economy in general, which we can safely consider as one of the determining factors of economic development, strategic protection of the environment, protection of the population and social security. The process of transformation of the traditional economy into a green circular economy, despite being a vital and critical necessity, has been a significant problem in all periods and is still facing great challenges today.
Out of all the countries of the world, according to the Global Green Economy Index (GGEI), Georgia currently ranks 44th among 130 countries in terms of green economy development, which in turn is a big successful step towards economic development in the direction of production of renewable and recyclable resources. But, like all important state reforms, the process of transformation of the traditional economy into a green circular economy requires a lot of effort and financial resources primarily from the state and is not immune to the accompanying problems and challenges at different stages of its development and regulation.
The paper analyzes the stages and challenges of establishing, developing, managing and regulating a universal green economy in Georgia.

Determination of stability of creep-plastic type landslide by numerical-analytical methods

Levan Japaridze — 2023-11-30

An original numerical-analytical approach has been developed to calculate the stability of elastic-plastic type landslides using computer programs and stress analysis apparatus. The proposed natural-analytical method was used together with specialists from the Bavarian Engineering Geology Bureau and the construction company CRP to calculate the stability of the existing block and creep-plastic landslides within Tbilisi and to prepare their strengthening projects.